The increasing diffusion of broadband internet connection and the development of Ultra High Definition TV (UHTV) required the use of satellite communication systems able to provide large frequency bandwidth by making use of radio frequency carriers (Extremely High Frequency - EHF) up to Q/V Band. Some satellite-based service providers, such as EUTELSAT Company, start using satellite operating in Ka Band despite, at such these frequencies, the system has to cope with very strong attenuation introduced by the tropospheric constituents. Indeed, the physic of the channel is mostly influenced by the working frequency of the transmitting system, and the gathered attenuation, which affects the signal, is increasing with frequency. In this respect, satellite system can exploit the use of Propagation Impairment Mitigation Techniques (PIMT) to reduce the negative effects of fading due to atmosphere. The development and design of these systems must be supported by the use of tropospheric channel models and synthesizers able to characterize the time varying channel not only in statistical terms. For satellite systems operating at these frequencies the main source of signal degradation is represented by the rainfall events. However, even if rain strongly affects the signal power, it is quite limited in space and time. Moving towards the use of frequencies from 50 to 70 GHz even the so-called "clear-sky" attenuation due to atmospheric component such as gases, water vapor and oxygen as well as clouds become relevant, especially for systems with low power margin. In this work we focused on the study and development of a time series synthesizer for main tropospheric components (water vapor, clouds oxygen and rain) based on a large database of measurements. The basic idea is to start from real measurements collected during the ITALSAT campaign and generate a proper database of time series for the main atmospheric components. The use of data measured in propagation campaigns ensures a realistic behavior of each atmospheric element. The synthesizer takes in input the long term statistic of rain attenuation, cloud and water vapor for a given location and return, by means of an optimization procedure, the time series of attenuation for each single component and of the total attenuation that reproduces the input statistics. The model is valid for every link for site located in temperate regions with a range of frequencies is between 5 and 70 GHz and elevation angle between 5° and 90°.
La crescente diffusione della connessione a internet a banda larga e lo sviluppo di Ultra High Definition TV (UHTV) ha richiesto l'impiego di sistemi di comunicazione via satellite in grado di fornire maggiore larghezza di banda facendo uso di portanti a radiofrequenza (Extremely High Frequency - EHF) fino a Q / V band. Alcuni fornitori di servizi satellitari, come ad esempio EUTELSAT, hanno iniziato ad utilizzare satelliti che operano in banda Ka, nonostante, a queste frequenze, il sistema debba fare i conti con la forte attenuazione introdotta dalle componenti troposferiche. Infatti, la fisica del canale è principalmente influenzata dalla frequenza di lavoro del sistema di trasmissione, e pertanto l'attenuazione percepita dal segnale trasmesso, aumenta con il crescere della frequenza. A questo proposito, sono stati sviluppati sistemi satellitari in grado di sfruttare l' uso di Propagation Impairment Mitigation Technique ( PIMT ) per ridurre gli effetti negativi del deterioramento causato da atmosfera . Lo sviluppo e la progettazione di questi sistemi devono essere supportate dall'utilizzo di modelli di canale troposferico e sintetizzatori in grado di caratterizzare il canale tempo variante, non solo in termini statistici. Per i sistemi satellitari operanti a queste frequenze la principale fonte di degradazione del segnale è rappresentato dalle precipitazioni. Tuttavia, anche se la pioggia influenza fortemente la potenza del segnale ricevuto, essa è abbastanza contenuta nel tempo e nello spazio. Per sistemi che impiegano l’utilizzo di frequenze da 50 a 70 GHz anche l’attenuazione da aria chiara dovuta alla componente atmosferiche quali gas, vapore acqueo, ossigeno e nuvole diventano rilevanti, in particolare per sistemi con ridotto margine di potenza . In questo lavoro ci siamo concentrati sullo studio e lo sviluppo di un sintetizzatore di serie temporali per le principali componenti troposferche ( vapore acqueo, nuvole, ossigeno e pioggia ) mediante un ampio database di misurazioni. L' idea di base è partire da misure reali raccolte durante la campagna ITALSAT e generare un consistente database di serie temporali per le principali componenti atmosferiche . L'utilizzo dei dati misurati nelle campagne di propagazione assicura una ricostruzione realistica dell’andamento di ogni componente. Il sintetizzatore prende in ingresso la statistica di lungo termine di attenuazione di pioggia, nuvole e vapore acqueo per una data posizione e resituisce, mediante una procedura di ottimizzazione, la serie temporale di attenuazione per ogni singola componente e dell'attenuazione totale che riproduce le statistiche di ingresso. Il sintetizzatore è in grado di modellizzare il canale trasmissivo per i siti che si trova in regioni temperate e con sistemi satellitari con frequenza di trasmissione compresa tra 5 e 70 GHz e angolo di elevazione tra 5 ° e 90 °.
A time series synthesizer of tropospheric impairments affecting satellite links developed in the framework of the Alphasat experiment
RESTEGHINI, LAURA
Abstract
The increasing diffusion of broadband internet connection and the development of Ultra High Definition TV (UHTV) required the use of satellite communication systems able to provide large frequency bandwidth by making use of radio frequency carriers (Extremely High Frequency - EHF) up to Q/V Band. Some satellite-based service providers, such as EUTELSAT Company, start using satellite operating in Ka Band despite, at such these frequencies, the system has to cope with very strong attenuation introduced by the tropospheric constituents. Indeed, the physic of the channel is mostly influenced by the working frequency of the transmitting system, and the gathered attenuation, which affects the signal, is increasing with frequency. In this respect, satellite system can exploit the use of Propagation Impairment Mitigation Techniques (PIMT) to reduce the negative effects of fading due to atmosphere. The development and design of these systems must be supported by the use of tropospheric channel models and synthesizers able to characterize the time varying channel not only in statistical terms. For satellite systems operating at these frequencies the main source of signal degradation is represented by the rainfall events. However, even if rain strongly affects the signal power, it is quite limited in space and time. Moving towards the use of frequencies from 50 to 70 GHz even the so-called "clear-sky" attenuation due to atmospheric component such as gases, water vapor and oxygen as well as clouds become relevant, especially for systems with low power margin. In this work we focused on the study and development of a time series synthesizer for main tropospheric components (water vapor, clouds oxygen and rain) based on a large database of measurements. The basic idea is to start from real measurements collected during the ITALSAT campaign and generate a proper database of time series for the main atmospheric components. The use of data measured in propagation campaigns ensures a realistic behavior of each atmospheric element. The synthesizer takes in input the long term statistic of rain attenuation, cloud and water vapor for a given location and return, by means of an optimization procedure, the time series of attenuation for each single component and of the total attenuation that reproduces the input statistics. The model is valid for every link for site located in temperate regions with a range of frequencies is between 5 and 70 GHz and elevation angle between 5° and 90°.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/98031