In recent years there has been a remarkable development of composite materials. Thanks to their excellent mechanical features, above all high stiffness and low specific weight, their widespread use in the production of lightweight structures is continuously growing. Nevertheless, composite materials can be subjected to heavy vibrations, as a consequence of poor damping properties. Therefore, reducing unwanted vibrations is of vital importance in order to obtain a more robust structural integrity, better safety and higher quality and comfort. An increasingly relevant role in the field of vibration control is being assumed by the Smart Structures. Equipped with integrated sensors and actuators, Smart Structures are defined as systems having a certain degree of autonomy that are able to respond to external stimuli. The most common types of Smart Structures use piezoelectric materials as transducers: due to a wide range of operating frequencies and temperatures, these can give excellent performance without causing a significant increase in mass and volume. This dissertation aims at assessing the potential of employing a semi-active type of logic control called ‘Synchronized Switch Damping (SSD)’. This kind of logic exploits a circuit connected to piezoelectric transducers which is provided with a switch: this determines a strongly non-linear type of control. The operations of this damping method is assessed by applying it to a carbon fiber Smart Structure. Vast experimental analysis is carried out and extensive performance evaluation is performed: the influence of the different operating parameters of the system on single-mode and multi-mode types of control are investigated. Based on the results, benefits and drawbacks of the implementation of the SSD logic are illustrated. Moreover, an innovative solution to prevent the outbreak of the beating phenomenon is devised in order to increase system performance. The final objective of this work is to propone an innovative solution to control multi-harmonics vibrations and to introduce novel algorithms for ‘Synchronised Switch Damping’ control on voltage. Furthermore, a new type of logic control with variable resistance is analyzed in order to simplify the system, thus improving its damping proprieties.
Negli ultimi anni si è assistito ad un notevole sviluppo dei materiali in composito e ad un loro impiego sempre più vasto nella realizzazione di strutture leggere. Caratterizzati da elevata rigidezza e basso peso specifico, i materiali compositi possono esser soggetti ad un alto livello di vibrazioni, conseguenza della loro bassa capacità di smorzamento. Ridurre le vibrazioni indesiderate è dunque di fondamentale importanza per ottenere una più solida integrità strutturale, una maggior sicurezza e superiori qualità e comfort. Un ruolo sempre più rilevante nell’ambito del controllo delle vibrazioni è assunto dalle Smart Structures. Le Strutture Intelligenti sono definite come sistemi con un certo livello di autonomia, dotati di sensori ed attuatori integrati, in grado di rispondere agli stimoli esterni. Le tipologie di strutture intelligenti più diffuse utilizzano materiali piezoelettrici come trasduttori, poiché, essendo questi dotati di un ampio range di frequenze e temperature operative, riescono a garantire ottime prestazioni, senza tuttavia apportare un significativo incremento di massa e volume. Nel presente lavoro di tesi vengono approfondite le logiche di tipo semi-attivo denominate ‘Synchronised Switch Damping (SSD) controls’. Queste utilizzano un circuito collegato a trasduttori piezoelettrici caratterizzato dalla presenza di uno switch, che rende fortemente non lineare la tipologia di controllo. Attraverso l’applicazione ad una struttura intelligente in fibra di carbonio che utilizza attuatori e sensori piezoelettrici di tipo patch, sono esaminate le caratteristiche del loro funzionamento: sono analizzate in dettaglio le influenze dei diversi parametri operativi del sistema sui controlli di tipo monomodo e multimodo. Alla luce dei risultati ottenuti, sono quindi messi in evidenza i vantaggi e gli svantaggi legati all’utilizzo della logica di controllo SSD. Inoltre, è approfondito il fenomeno del battimento ed è presentata una soluzione innovativa per evitare che questo insorga, aumentando così le prestazioni generali del sistema. Infine, vengono proposti nuovi algoritmi per il controllo di tipo ‘Synchronised Switch Damping control on Voltage’ e suggerite nuove logiche a resistenza variabile che consentono di semplificare il sistema, migliorandone le caratteristiche di smorzamento.
Semi-active switching conbtrol logics for vibration reduction
COSTANTINI, MARCO
2015/2016
Abstract
In recent years there has been a remarkable development of composite materials. Thanks to their excellent mechanical features, above all high stiffness and low specific weight, their widespread use in the production of lightweight structures is continuously growing. Nevertheless, composite materials can be subjected to heavy vibrations, as a consequence of poor damping properties. Therefore, reducing unwanted vibrations is of vital importance in order to obtain a more robust structural integrity, better safety and higher quality and comfort. An increasingly relevant role in the field of vibration control is being assumed by the Smart Structures. Equipped with integrated sensors and actuators, Smart Structures are defined as systems having a certain degree of autonomy that are able to respond to external stimuli. The most common types of Smart Structures use piezoelectric materials as transducers: due to a wide range of operating frequencies and temperatures, these can give excellent performance without causing a significant increase in mass and volume. This dissertation aims at assessing the potential of employing a semi-active type of logic control called ‘Synchronized Switch Damping (SSD)’. This kind of logic exploits a circuit connected to piezoelectric transducers which is provided with a switch: this determines a strongly non-linear type of control. The operations of this damping method is assessed by applying it to a carbon fiber Smart Structure. Vast experimental analysis is carried out and extensive performance evaluation is performed: the influence of the different operating parameters of the system on single-mode and multi-mode types of control are investigated. Based on the results, benefits and drawbacks of the implementation of the SSD logic are illustrated. Moreover, an innovative solution to prevent the outbreak of the beating phenomenon is devised in order to increase system performance. The final objective of this work is to propone an innovative solution to control multi-harmonics vibrations and to introduce novel algorithms for ‘Synchronised Switch Damping’ control on voltage. Furthermore, a new type of logic control with variable resistance is analyzed in order to simplify the system, thus improving its damping proprieties.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2016_07_Costantini.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
12.06 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
12.06 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/123346