This thesis aims to two main objectives: the first one is to investigate the role of start-ups in the sport equipment industry; the second is to compare the academic research about sport equipment to the start-ups in this field in order to understand if the innovation they are introducing in the sport industry comes from the academic field., to understand if the attention to each field is comparable and to determine in what areas they could take more advantage of academic research. The literature review set the bases used in the thesis to structure a Database where star-ups could be collected and catalogued according to the distinctive characteristics identified; these being: founded year, headquarter location, start-up activity status, macro category, target activity, technology and sport. The final version of the Database counts 769 companies selected, amongst more than 5000 businesses analysed, based on three criteria: companies adopting the start-up business model, companies producing sport equipment, companies founded after 2000. The list of companies to be analysed has been obtained from the platforms: CrunchBase, AngelList and SportsTechDB. The analysis of the Database provide a detailed description of the sport equipment industry, detecting what are the most important trends. North America confirms its leading position in the industry, closely followed by Europe. Most start-ups in the sport equipment industry provide products that target on Activity & Performance macro category, and are especially interested in athletes training activities. Within the technologies used by these companies, wearable is the fastest growing, while material & design, representing the innovation of existing equipment through incremental steps, is the most used in terms of the total number of companies adopting this strategy. Within sports, start-ups mostly focus on fitness or they adjust their product to serve several sport disciplines (multi sport) in order to maximise the available market for their products. To achieve the second objective, the thesis uses SciVal analytical tools to elaborate 2581 papers published between 2009 and 2017, then further divided in categories, collected via tailor-made keyword string researches. The data obtained is then compared to the results of the Database in order to highlight similarities and differences. Also in academic research, training is the most relevant athletic activity, and the most common technologies it discuss are wearable and smart equipment. Even though the similarities are compelling, there are huge differences as well, mainly in the geographical distribution and the sport they focus upon. The differences between academic research and start-ups can be interpreted as areas where the latter can find new inspirations and new business opportunities.
Questa tesi si prefigge due obiettivi: il primo consiste nell’investigare il ruolo delle start-up nell’industria dell’equipaggiamento sportivo; il secondo consiste nel confrontare la ricerca accademica sul tema dell’equipaggiamento sportivo alle start-up che lavorano in questo ambito per capire se l’innovazione che stanno introducendo nell’industria arriva da innovazioni raggiunte in ambito accademico, capire se l’attenzione che dedicano ai singoli ambiti è confrontabile e stabilire in quali aree c’è margine di crescita. La revisione della letteratura ha fornito le basi a questa tesi per poter strutturare il Database dove le start-up sono state raccolte e catalogate secondo le caratteristiche distintive identificate; quest’ultime sono: anno di fondazione, posizione geografica, stato di attività, macro categoria, attività di riferimento, tecnologia e sport. La versione finale del Database conta 769 aziende selezionate, tra più di 5000 compagnie analizzate, sulla base di tre criteri: aziende che adottano il modello di business delle start-up, aziende produttrici di equipaggiamento sportivo, aziende fondate dopo il 2000. La lista di compagnie da analizzare è stata ottenuta dalle piattaforme: CrunchBase, AngelList, SportsTechDB. L’analisi del Database ha permesso una descrizione dettagliata dell’industria dell’equipaggiamento sportivo, identificando quali sono gli andamenti più importanti. Il Nord America si conferma al vertice dell’industria, seguito da vicino dall’Europa. La maggior parte delle start-up nell’industria dell’equipaggiamento sportivo offrono prodotti con finalità aderenti alla marco categoria Activity & Performance, e sono particolarmente interessate all’attività di allenamento degli atleti. Tra le tecnologie utilizzate da queste aziende, wearable è quella che sta crescendo più rapidamente, mentre material & design, che identifica l’innovazione di equipaggiamento esistente tramite step incrementali, è la più utilizzata in termini assoluti. Tra gli sport, le start-up si focalizzano in particolare nell’ambito del fitness o adattano il proprio prodotto a più discipline sportive (multi sport) per massimizzare il mercato disponibile per il proprio prodotto. Al fine di raggiungere il secondo obiettivo, SviVal è stato utilizzato assieme ai sui strumenti analitici per processare 2581 articoli scientifici pubblicati tra il 2009 e il 2017, poi ulteriormente suddivisi in categorie, ottenuti tramite delle apposite ricerche effettuate per parole chiave. I dati ottenuti sono stati confrontati con i risultati del Database in modo da sottolineare le similitudini e le differenze. Anche nell’ambito della ricerca accademica, l’allenamento è l’attività atletica più rilevante, e le tecnologie più discusse sono wearable e smart equipment. Nonostante queste similitudini siano convincenti, ci sono anche grosse differenze tra i due ambiti, le principali risiedono nella distribuzione geografica e su quali discipline sportive si focalizzano. Le differenze tra i due ambiti possono essere interpretate come aree in cui le start-up possono trovare stimoli e opportunità di crescita.
Start-ups in the sport equipment industry; global trends and relationship with academic research
BENONI, NICOLA
2018/2019
Abstract
This thesis aims to two main objectives: the first one is to investigate the role of start-ups in the sport equipment industry; the second is to compare the academic research about sport equipment to the start-ups in this field in order to understand if the innovation they are introducing in the sport industry comes from the academic field., to understand if the attention to each field is comparable and to determine in what areas they could take more advantage of academic research. The literature review set the bases used in the thesis to structure a Database where star-ups could be collected and catalogued according to the distinctive characteristics identified; these being: founded year, headquarter location, start-up activity status, macro category, target activity, technology and sport. The final version of the Database counts 769 companies selected, amongst more than 5000 businesses analysed, based on three criteria: companies adopting the start-up business model, companies producing sport equipment, companies founded after 2000. The list of companies to be analysed has been obtained from the platforms: CrunchBase, AngelList and SportsTechDB. The analysis of the Database provide a detailed description of the sport equipment industry, detecting what are the most important trends. North America confirms its leading position in the industry, closely followed by Europe. Most start-ups in the sport equipment industry provide products that target on Activity & Performance macro category, and are especially interested in athletes training activities. Within the technologies used by these companies, wearable is the fastest growing, while material & design, representing the innovation of existing equipment through incremental steps, is the most used in terms of the total number of companies adopting this strategy. Within sports, start-ups mostly focus on fitness or they adjust their product to serve several sport disciplines (multi sport) in order to maximise the available market for their products. To achieve the second objective, the thesis uses SciVal analytical tools to elaborate 2581 papers published between 2009 and 2017, then further divided in categories, collected via tailor-made keyword string researches. The data obtained is then compared to the results of the Database in order to highlight similarities and differences. Also in academic research, training is the most relevant athletic activity, and the most common technologies it discuss are wearable and smart equipment. Even though the similarities are compelling, there are huge differences as well, mainly in the geographical distribution and the sport they focus upon. The differences between academic research and start-ups can be interpreted as areas where the latter can find new inspirations and new business opportunities.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Start-Ups in Sport Equipment Industry; Global Trends and Relationship With Academic Research
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/151570