Nowadays, we often hear about Unmanned Aerial Vehicles due to their potential application in a wide variety of fields. Particularly, much work is being done enquiring the usage of UAVs for civilian communication. In fact, such UAV application can be useful in a situation of re-establishing communication after a natural disaster, support of search and rescue operations, support in case of base station maintenance, communication for areas with no infrastructure or additional temporary coverage for an overcrowded base station. Big companies such as Airbus, Amazon, Facebook and many more are investing huge amounts of money on UAVs to provide solutions for civilian communication, encouraging the research in that direction. When speaking of UAVs for civilian communication, we refer to a wide variety of platforms such as fixed wing UAV, balloon UAV and rotary wing UAV combined with a caching, relay or base station payload, with each combination UAV-payload better suited in different situations. Nevertheless, great care must be taken upon the optimization of the on-board energy consumption. The research has concentrated its effort on trajectory optimization as a way to decrease the energy waste of communicative UAVs. Therefore, the open literature is focusing on efficient solutions paying much attention to the modeling and formalization of the problem, necessary for algorithm definition. The purpose of the thesis is to investigate UAV trajectory optimization for connectivity enhancement in an overcrowded base station scenario. The importance of such an application is that it would be possible to provide on-demand additional coverage without the need of fixed infrastructure, with a huge saving of money. In this work, justifications will be provided on the usage of fixed-wing UAVs for the considered scenario. subsequently, the most useful payload for this application will be identified as a relay payload. The available literature on the topic is reviewed and analyzed to see which of the already studied scenarios or solution of the problem can be applied to the thesis scenario. Then, the system is modeled and the energy efficiency is used as cost function defined as the number of information transmitted by all the UAVs divided by the energy used for the flight by all the UAVs. The optimization problem is then formalized and solved in five different ways, finding closed form expressions and numerical solutions. Particularly, the numerical solutions are based upon sequential convex optimization technique.
Al giorno d'oggi, si sente spesso parlare di Veicoli aerei senza equipaggio a causa della le loro potenziali applicazioni in una moltitudine di campi. In particolare, si sta facendo molto lavoro indagando l'uso degli UAV come supporto per comunicazioni civili. Tale applicazione può essere utile nel ripristino delle comunicazione in una zona colpita da un disastro naturale, supporto alle operazioni di ricerca e salvataggio, supporto in caso di manutenzione della stazione base, comunicazione per aree senza infrastrutture o copertura temporanea aggiuntiva per una stazione base sovraffollata. Grandi aziende come Airbus, Amazon, Facebook e molte altre stanno investendo grosse somme di denaro su UAV per fornire soluzioni per la comunicazione civile, incoraggiando la ricerca in quella direzione. Quando parliamo di UAV per le comunicazioni civili, ci riferiamo a un'ampia varietà di hardware come UAV ad ala fissa, UAV a mongolfiera e UAV ad ala rotante combinati con un carico per agire come memoria cache, relè o stazione base, con ogni combinazione UAV-carico più adatto per la specifica applicazione. Tuttavia, occorre prestare molta attenzione all'ottimizzazione del consumo d'energia a bordo. La ricerca ha concentrato i suoi sforzi nell'ottimizzazione di traiettoria come modo per aumentare l'efficienza energetica degli UAV comunicativi. La letteratura scientifica si sta concentrando su soluzioni efficienti prestando molta attenzione alla modellizzazione e formalizzazione del problema, necessarie per la definizione di un algoritmo di ottimizzazione di traiettoria. Lo scopo della tesi è di studiare l'ottimizzazione della traiettoria per un UAV per il miglioramento della connettività in uno scenario di stazione base sovraccarica. L'importanza di tale applicazione è che sarebbe possibile fornire una copertura aggiuntiva su richiesta senza la necessità di infrastrutture fisse, con un potenziale risparmio di denaro. In questo lavoro, saranno fornite giustificazioni sull'uso di UAV ad ala fissa per lo scenario considerato. Inoltre, il carico più utile per questa applicazione verrà identificato come relè. La letteratura disponibile sull'argomento viene rivista e analizzata. Pertanto, il sistema è modellato e l'efficienza energetica verrà utilizzata come funzione di costo, definita come il numero di informazioni trasmesse da tutti gli UAV diviso l'energia utilizzata per il volo da tutti gli UAV. Il problema di ottimizzazione è risolto in cinque modi diversi, trovando espressioni in forma chiusa e soluzioni numeriche. In particolare, le soluzioni numeriche si basano su una tecnica di ottimizzazione convessa sequenziale.
Trajectory optimization for UAV-aided communication
VISINTINI, ALESSANDRO
2018/2019
Abstract
Nowadays, we often hear about Unmanned Aerial Vehicles due to their potential application in a wide variety of fields. Particularly, much work is being done enquiring the usage of UAVs for civilian communication. In fact, such UAV application can be useful in a situation of re-establishing communication after a natural disaster, support of search and rescue operations, support in case of base station maintenance, communication for areas with no infrastructure or additional temporary coverage for an overcrowded base station. Big companies such as Airbus, Amazon, Facebook and many more are investing huge amounts of money on UAVs to provide solutions for civilian communication, encouraging the research in that direction. When speaking of UAVs for civilian communication, we refer to a wide variety of platforms such as fixed wing UAV, balloon UAV and rotary wing UAV combined with a caching, relay or base station payload, with each combination UAV-payload better suited in different situations. Nevertheless, great care must be taken upon the optimization of the on-board energy consumption. The research has concentrated its effort on trajectory optimization as a way to decrease the energy waste of communicative UAVs. Therefore, the open literature is focusing on efficient solutions paying much attention to the modeling and formalization of the problem, necessary for algorithm definition. The purpose of the thesis is to investigate UAV trajectory optimization for connectivity enhancement in an overcrowded base station scenario. The importance of such an application is that it would be possible to provide on-demand additional coverage without the need of fixed infrastructure, with a huge saving of money. In this work, justifications will be provided on the usage of fixed-wing UAVs for the considered scenario. subsequently, the most useful payload for this application will be identified as a relay payload. The available literature on the topic is reviewed and analyzed to see which of the already studied scenarios or solution of the problem can be applied to the thesis scenario. Then, the system is modeled and the energy efficiency is used as cost function defined as the number of information transmitted by all the UAVs divided by the energy used for the flight by all the UAVs. The optimization problem is then formalized and solved in five different ways, finding closed form expressions and numerical solutions. Particularly, the numerical solutions are based upon sequential convex optimization technique.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Thesis_Visintini_Alessandro.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
9.02 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
9.02 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/153097