Mass evacuations represent, at the same time, both a dramatic recurrence, in almost every nation in the world, and an interesting challenge for Transportation and Safety Engineers. Evacuation-generating circumstances are inherently related to where they take place in; however, they show some common features which allow us to describe the vehicles flow with an analytic methodology, after setting the Transportation Planning problem on a road graph. In this work, firstly we present a detailed review of the modelling choices that can be undertaken, both for the practical aspects and the mathematical tools to deal with them. All these aspects are set into a decision-tree structure. Afterwards, we describe some innovative models and algorithms for the evacuees' flow assignment with the help of Game Theory and Operations Research. The various intervention approaches, split depending on the degree of state involvement and power, are illustrated with a high level of detail and then applied to some trial graphs; the case study for application is the city of Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
Le evacuazioni di massa costituiscono contemporaneamente una ricorrenza drammatica in quasi ogni paese del mondo e una sfida intellettuale notevole per un Ingegnere dei Trasporti o della Sicurezza. Le circostanze che generano l'evacuazione sono intrinseche dei luoghi in cui avvengono le emergenze, ma presentano delle caratteristiche comuni che permettono una trattazione analitica dei flussi veicolari, se ambientiamo il problema in un contesto di Pianificazione dei Trasporti su strada. In questo elaborato, dopo una revisione generale delle scelte modellistiche che possiamo attuare, incorporate in una struttura ad albero che tiene conto sia delle specifiche pratiche, sia delle risorse matematiche per trattarle, vengono presentati dei modelli di assegnazione su grafo innovativi che utilizzano la Teoria dei Giochi e la Ricerca Operativa. I vari possibili approcci al problema, divisi in funzione del diverso grado d'intervento statale, sono presentati nei minimi dettagli modellistici e poi applicati su grafi di prova e sul grafo reale della cittadina di Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
Pianificazione delle evacuazioni di massa : approcci alla gestione dell'infrastruttura secondo modelli comportamentali
Rossi, Leonardo Vincenzo
2022/2023
Abstract
Mass evacuations represent, at the same time, both a dramatic recurrence, in almost every nation in the world, and an interesting challenge for Transportation and Safety Engineers. Evacuation-generating circumstances are inherently related to where they take place in; however, they show some common features which allow us to describe the vehicles flow with an analytic methodology, after setting the Transportation Planning problem on a road graph. In this work, firstly we present a detailed review of the modelling choices that can be undertaken, both for the practical aspects and the mathematical tools to deal with them. All these aspects are set into a decision-tree structure. Afterwards, we describe some innovative models and algorithms for the evacuees' flow assignment with the help of Game Theory and Operations Research. The various intervention approaches, split depending on the degree of state involvement and power, are illustrated with a high level of detail and then applied to some trial graphs; the case study for application is the city of Sioux Falls, South Dakota.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Executive_Summary_Rossi_Mass_Evacuation_Planning.pdf
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Rossi_Leonardo_Vincenzo_Tesi.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/208321