This thesis demonstrates that the functionalization of CB with SP has a clear effect on the properties of a rubber composite and, more in general, of a composite based on a lipophilic matrix. Furnace CB was functionalized with serinol pyrrole (SP) and elastomeric composites were prepared with CB and CB-SP as such and with their mixtures. Composites were as well prepared in paraffin oil. Flocculation studies were performed, by applying literature protocols and a novel protocol developed during the thesis. The functionalization reduced the surface area of CB. The reduction of surface area appeared to have the prevailing effect up to a certain level of SP: reduction of Payne Effect. The effect of the OH groups becomes evident above a certain level of SP. The mentioned level of SP likely depends on the type of CB and of the matrix. The effect of SP on the composite’s properties was observed to be dependent on the chemical composition of the surrounding: the reduction of the Payne effect was promoted by so called small ingredients of the composite, in particular the polar ingredients. Lower Payne effect was in particular obtained in the vulcanized composite. This thesis reveals the potentiality of the functionalization of CB with OH groups, which are grafted on the CB surface. These results were obtained on the basis of supramolecular interactions. The next step clearly appears to be the use of a suitable coupling agent, to covalently link CB and the polymer chains.
Questa tesi dimostra che la funzionalizzazione del CB con SP ha un evidente effetto sulle proprietà delle mescole e, più in generale, di un composito a base di matrice lipofila. Il CB è stato funzionalizzato con serinolo pirrolo (SP) e i compositi elastomerici sono stati preparati con CB e CB-SP tal quali e con le loro miscele. I compositi sono stati preparati anche in olio di paraffina. Sono stati condotti studi di flocculazione, applicando protocolli di letteratura e un nuovo protocollo sviluppato durante la tesi. La funzionalizzazione ha ridotto l'area superficiale del CB. La riduzione della superficie sembra avere l'effetto prevalente fino ad un certo livello di SP: riduzione dell'Effetto Payne. L'effetto dei gruppi OH diventa evidente al di sopra di un certo livello di SP. Il livello di SP menzionato dipende probabilmente dal tipo di CB e dalla matrice. È stato osservato che l’effetto dell’SP sulle proprietà del composito dipende dalla composizione chimica dell’ambiente circostante: la riduzione dell’effetto Payne è stata promossa dai cosiddetti piccoli ingredienti del composito, in particolare gli ingredienti polari. Un effetto Payne inferiore è stato ottenuto in particolare nel composito vulcanizzato. Questa tesi rivela la potenzialità della funzionalizzazione del CB con gruppi OH, che vengono innestati sulla superficie del CB. Questi risultati sono stati ottenuti sulla base delle interazioni supramolecolari. Il passo successivo sembra chiaramente essere l'uso di un coupling agent, per collegare covalentemente il CB e le catene polimeriche.
Adduct of carbon black with serinol pyrrole. From flocculation studies to its use as reinforcing filler in elastomer nanocomposites
AROSIO, VALERIO
2022/2023
Abstract
This thesis demonstrates that the functionalization of CB with SP has a clear effect on the properties of a rubber composite and, more in general, of a composite based on a lipophilic matrix. Furnace CB was functionalized with serinol pyrrole (SP) and elastomeric composites were prepared with CB and CB-SP as such and with their mixtures. Composites were as well prepared in paraffin oil. Flocculation studies were performed, by applying literature protocols and a novel protocol developed during the thesis. The functionalization reduced the surface area of CB. The reduction of surface area appeared to have the prevailing effect up to a certain level of SP: reduction of Payne Effect. The effect of the OH groups becomes evident above a certain level of SP. The mentioned level of SP likely depends on the type of CB and of the matrix. The effect of SP on the composite’s properties was observed to be dependent on the chemical composition of the surrounding: the reduction of the Payne effect was promoted by so called small ingredients of the composite, in particular the polar ingredients. Lower Payne effect was in particular obtained in the vulcanized composite. This thesis reveals the potentiality of the functionalization of CB with OH groups, which are grafted on the CB surface. These results were obtained on the basis of supramolecular interactions. The next step clearly appears to be the use of a suitable coupling agent, to covalently link CB and the polymer chains.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2023_12_Arosio.pdf
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2023_12_Arosio_Executive_Summary.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/214492