This thesis studies the operator-theoretic foundations of the holomorphic functional calculus for sectorial operators and its connection with analytic semigroups. The starting point is the problem of giving a rigorous meaning to expressions of the form f(A), where A is a linear operator on a Banach space and f is a complex-valued function. While this is elementary for scalars and finite-dimensional matrices, it becomes substantially more delicate for unbounded operators on infinite-dimensional spaces, such as differential operators arising in evolution equations. The thesis first recalls the functional calculus for bounded operators, from polynomials and power series to the Dunford–Riesz holomorphic functional calculus. This highlights the central role of the resolvent operator and the link between complex analysis, spectral theory, and functions of operators. The main part of the work is devoted to sectorial operators and the associated H∞-functional calculus. We introduce the resolvent estimates defining sectoriality, suitable classes of holomorphic functions on sectors, regularization procedures, boundedness properties, and spectral mapping results. These tools provide a rigorous framework for treating functions of unbounded operators beyond the classical bounded setting. We then study analytic C0-semigroups and their connection with sectorial operators. Operators arising from abstract evolution equations can be related to time-evolution families (T(t))t≥0, formally written as T(t) = e−tA. This correspondence connects the spectrum, the resolvent, semigroup theory, and the functional calculus. Finally, the thesis discusses perspectives toward statistical learning and data-driven operator approximation. It explains how semigroups and resolvent representations may provide a natural operator-theoretic framework for future learning approaches, while emphasizing the analytical difficulties and open problems involved.
Questa tesi studia i fondamenti operatoriali del calcolo funzionale olomorfo per operatori settoriali e il suo legame con i semigruppi analitici. Il punto di partenza `e il problema di attribuire un significato rigoroso a espressioni della forma f(A), dove A `e un operatore lineare su uno spazio di Banach e f `e una funzione a valori complessi. Mentre ci`o `e elementare per scalari e matrici finite-dimensionali, diventa sostanzialmente pi`u delicato per operatori non limitati su spazi infinito-dimensionali, come gli operatori differenziali che compaiono nelle equazioni di evoluzione. La tesi richiama innanzitutto il calcolo funzionale per operatori limitati, dai polinomi e dalle serie di potenze fino al calcolo funzionale olomorfo di Dunford–Riesz. Questo mette in evidenza il ruolo centrale dell’operatore risolvente e il legame tra analisi complessa, teoria spettrale e funzioni di operatori. La parte principale del lavoro `e dedicata agli operatori settoriali e al calcolo funzionale H∞ associato. Vengono introdotte le stime del risolvente che definiscono la settorialit`a, opportune classi di funzioni olomorfe su settori, procedure di regolarizzazione, propriet`a di limitatezza e risultati di mappatura spettrale. Questi strumenti forniscono un quadro rigoroso per trattare funzioni di operatori non limitati oltre il contesto classico degli operatori limitati. Successivamente, si studiano i semigruppi analitici C0 e la loro connessione con gli operatori settoriali. Gli operatori che emergono dalle equazioni di evoluzione astratte possono essere collegati a famiglie di evoluzione temporale (T(t))t≥0, formalmente scritte come T(t) = e−tA. Questa corrispondenza mette in relazione lo spettro, il risolvente, la teoria dei semigruppi e il calcolo funzionale. Infine, la tesi discute alcune prospettive verso l’apprendimento statistico e l’approssimazione di operatori guidata dai dati. Essa spiega come i semigruppi e le rappresentazioni mediante il risolvente possano fornire un quadro operatoriale naturale per futuri approcci di apprendimento, sottolineando al contempo le difficolt`a analitiche e i problemi aperti coinvolti.
Holomorphic functional calculus for sectorial operators and analytic semigroups : perspectives towards statistical learning
Tougeron, Octave Camille
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis studies the operator-theoretic foundations of the holomorphic functional calculus for sectorial operators and its connection with analytic semigroups. The starting point is the problem of giving a rigorous meaning to expressions of the form f(A), where A is a linear operator on a Banach space and f is a complex-valued function. While this is elementary for scalars and finite-dimensional matrices, it becomes substantially more delicate for unbounded operators on infinite-dimensional spaces, such as differential operators arising in evolution equations. The thesis first recalls the functional calculus for bounded operators, from polynomials and power series to the Dunford–Riesz holomorphic functional calculus. This highlights the central role of the resolvent operator and the link between complex analysis, spectral theory, and functions of operators. The main part of the work is devoted to sectorial operators and the associated H∞-functional calculus. We introduce the resolvent estimates defining sectoriality, suitable classes of holomorphic functions on sectors, regularization procedures, boundedness properties, and spectral mapping results. These tools provide a rigorous framework for treating functions of unbounded operators beyond the classical bounded setting. We then study analytic C0-semigroups and their connection with sectorial operators. Operators arising from abstract evolution equations can be related to time-evolution families (T(t))t≥0, formally written as T(t) = e−tA. This correspondence connects the spectrum, the resolvent, semigroup theory, and the functional calculus. Finally, the thesis discusses perspectives toward statistical learning and data-driven operator approximation. It explains how semigroups and resolvent representations may provide a natural operator-theoretic framework for future learning approaches, while emphasizing the analytical difficulties and open problems involved.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260670