To meet increasingly stringent sustainability requirements, the aeronautical sector is exploring novel aerodynamic configurations to reduce emissions. This thesis was developed within the European HERWINGT project and investigates the use of morphing ailerons. These devices aim to reduce parasitic drag and decrease actuation forces, while simultaneously offering potential for active control applications. The research focuses on a full scale demonstrator equipped with deformable S-glass fibre skins, driven by electromagnetic motors via Scott-Russell mechanisms. The core work supports prototype development alongside experimental validation and testing. The internal friction of the actuation system was initially characterised using a Coulomb-viscous model before being integrated into the control logic. Subsequently, ground test campaigns were conducted. Static testing demonstrated that the prototype successfully achieves the target aerodynamic profiles in agreement with numerical models. Furthermore, static actuation forces isolated from friction components exhibited strong consistency with numerical predictions. Dynamic tests performed up to 10 Hz identified the presence of a natural mode within the frequency band of interest. This mode allows for a reduction in actuation force compared to maintaining static deflections. Additionally, the morphing surface demonstrated the ability to follow the required deflection command without delays, confirming the suitability of the architecture for dynamic applications. Finally, the wind tunnel campaign is presented. Alongside the test setup, the text reports preliminary results concerning aerodynamics and forces under load, concluding with the future developments of the research.
Per soddisfare i requisiti sempre più stringenti di sostenibilità, il settore aeronautico sta attivamente esplorando nuove configurazioni aerodinamiche per ridurre le emissioni. Questa tesi è stata sviluppata nell'ambito del progetto europeo HERWINGT e indaga l'utilizzo di alettoni morphing. Tali dispositivi mirano a ridurre la resistenza parassita e a diminuire le forze di attuazione, offrendo al contempo nuove prospettive per le applicazioni di controllo attivo. La ricerca si concentra su un dimostratore in scala reale, dotato di rivestimenti deformabili in fibra di vetro S, azionati da motori elettromagnetici tramite meccanismi di Scott-Russell. Il progetto di tesi consiste nel supportare lo sviluppo del prototipo, parallelamente alla validazione e alle prove sperimentali. L'attrito interno del sistema di attuazione è stato inizialmente caratterizzato mediante un modello Coulomb-viscoso, per poi essere integrato nella logica di controllo. Successivamente, sono state condotte campagne di prove a terra in assenza di vento. Le prove statiche hanno dimostrato che il prototipo raggiunge con successo i profili aerodinamici obiettivo, in accordo con i modelli numerici. Inoltre, le forze di attuazione statica, al netto delle componenti di attrito, hanno mostrato un'ottima coerenza con le previsioni numeriche. Le prove dinamiche, eseguite fino a 10 Hz, hanno individuato la presenza di un modo proprio nella banda di interesse, che consente di ridurre la forza di attuazione rispetto al mantenimento delle deflessioni statiche. Inoltre, la superficie morphing ha dimostrato la capacità di seguire il comando di deflessione richiesto senza ritardi, confermando l'idoneità dell'architettura per le applicazioni dinamiche. Infine, vengono presentate le campagne in galleria del vento. Oltre all'assetto di prova, si riportano i risultati preliminari su aerodinamica e forze sotto carico, concludendo con gli sviluppi futuri della ricerca.
Experimental testing and validation of a full-scale high-banwidth morphing aileron demonstrator
Maddonini, Marco
2025/2026
Abstract
To meet increasingly stringent sustainability requirements, the aeronautical sector is exploring novel aerodynamic configurations to reduce emissions. This thesis was developed within the European HERWINGT project and investigates the use of morphing ailerons. These devices aim to reduce parasitic drag and decrease actuation forces, while simultaneously offering potential for active control applications. The research focuses on a full scale demonstrator equipped with deformable S-glass fibre skins, driven by electromagnetic motors via Scott-Russell mechanisms. The core work supports prototype development alongside experimental validation and testing. The internal friction of the actuation system was initially characterised using a Coulomb-viscous model before being integrated into the control logic. Subsequently, ground test campaigns were conducted. Static testing demonstrated that the prototype successfully achieves the target aerodynamic profiles in agreement with numerical models. Furthermore, static actuation forces isolated from friction components exhibited strong consistency with numerical predictions. Dynamic tests performed up to 10 Hz identified the presence of a natural mode within the frequency band of interest. This mode allows for a reduction in actuation force compared to maintaining static deflections. Additionally, the morphing surface demonstrated the ability to follow the required deflection command without delays, confirming the suitability of the architecture for dynamic applications. Finally, the wind tunnel campaign is presented. Alongside the test setup, the text reports preliminary results concerning aerodynamics and forces under load, concluding with the future developments of the research.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2026_07_Maddonini_Executive Summary.pdf
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2026_07_Maddonini_Tesi.pdf
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Descrizione: Master's thesis
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/260397